上海市部分小学生肥胖类型影响因素分析

Factors associated with different types of obesity among primary school students in Shanghai

目的了解上海市部分小学生群体不同肥胖类型的影响因素,为制定相应的干预措施和手段提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,对从上海市2个区整群随机抽取的2所小学的651名学生进行体格检查和问卷调查,分析小学生不同肥胖类型的影响因素。结果小学生总肥胖率为22.1%,其中中心性肥胖率(20.0%)高于一般性肥胖(14.4%),复合型肥胖检出率为12.3%。不考虑肥胖类型重叠的Logistic回归分析显示,性别与所有的肥胖类型有关,一般性肥胖还与动物性食物的摄入频率有关,母亲教育程度影响子女中心性肥胖发生率,睡眠时间与复合型肥胖的发生有关(P值均<0.05)。不同肥胖类型单独效应的分析结果表明,女性是单纯一般性肥胖和复合型肥胖的保护因素,每天活动时间与单纯一般性肥胖的发生相关,母亲文化程度是学生中心性肥胖发生的影响因素,每天睡眠时间影响学生复合型肥胖的发生率(P值均<0.05)。结论上海市区部分小学生群体肥胖流行率较高。肥胖与母亲文化程度和静态生活方式有关,不同肥胖类型的影响因素之间存在一定差异。

Objective To explore associated factors of different types of obesity among primary school students in Shanghai. Methods Through cluster sampling method,a total of 651 students from two elementary schools located in Changning and Minhang District were recruited. Height,weight and waist circumference were measured and questionnaire survey were conducted.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of different types of obesity（ general obesity,abdominal obesity and combined obesity）. Results The overall prevalence of obesity among the surveyed population was 22.1%,and the ratio of abdominal obesity was higher（ 20.0%） than that of general obesity（ 14.4%）,followed by combined obesity（ 12.3%）. Results from logistic regression analysis without considering overlapping types of obesity was different from those separating the overlapping effect of obesity.The latter analysis showed that female remained a protective factor against simple general obesity and combined obesity（ P〈0.05）.Physical activity per day was associated with general obesity（ P 〈 0. 05）; Maternal education（ P 〈 0. 05） increased the risk of students’ abdominal obesity and sleeping time per day was associated with prevalence of combined obesity among students（ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Obesity prevalence is higher in some elementary school students in Shanghai. Maternal education level and sedentary lifestyle is associated with obesity and some differences may exist in risk of different types of obesity.