MCV、MCH联合Hb电泳在地中海贫血干预中的意义探讨

Significance of MCV,MCH Joint Hb Electrophoresis in the Mediterranean Anemia Intervention

目的:探讨常用的地中海贫血筛查方法红细胞平均体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、血红蛋白(Hb)电泳检测在地中海贫血诊断中的应用。方法:对5 000例儿童进行血细胞分析,红细胞平均体积(MCV)下降(MCV<80 fl)且平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)<27 pg实施血红蛋白电泳检测,Hb电泳异常者再进行基因诊断。结果:5 000例受检者中,MCV、MCH下降609例(占12.18%),血红蛋白电泳检测异常者460例(占9.2%),基因确诊285例,其中α-地贫168例,β-地贫114例,α-地贫复合β-地贫3例。结论:MCV、MCH、Hb电泳检测地中海贫血操作简便,灵敏度和特异度高,且价格低廉,易被大众接受,适合在基层医院推广。

Objective：To study the value of the commonly used thalassemia screening methods in the intervention of thalassemia,including the red cell mean corpuscular volume （MCV）,mean corpuscular hemoglobin（MCH）,hemoglobin （Hb）electrophoresis.Methods：MCV and MCH were used for phenotypes thalassemia screening of 5000 cases of partici-pants,and Hb electrophoresis was used for those who were detected with MCV and MCH decrease（MCV〈80 fl,MCH〈27 pg）.Genetic diagnosis would be used if the result of Hb electrophoresis was abnormal.Results：MCV and MCH of 609 cases were detected decreased,accounting for 12.18% of all 5 000 participants.Hb electrophoresis of 460 cases were abnormal and were suspicious of thalassemia,accounting for 9.2% of all participants,and 285 cases were con-firmed by genetic diagnosis.Among the 285 cases,168 cases ofα-thalassemia were confirmed,1 14 cases were diagnosed with β-thalassemia,and 3 cases were diagnosed with both.Conclusion：Methods of MCV,MCH and Hb electrophoresis are easy to operate,with high sensitivity,specificity and low cost,which make them easily accepted by the public,and they are quite suitable for primary hospitals.