不同杀虫剂对花生蚜毒力及拌种控制效果研究

Toxicities and Control Effects of Clothianidin and Other Insectcides to Aphis craccivora by the Seed Dressing

为明确噻虫胺等9种杀虫剂对花生蚜虫的毒力和拌种处理对花生蚜虫的控制效果,采用浸渍法进行了室内毒力测定,并进行了盆栽和田间药剂拌种防治试验。结果表明,以新烟碱类噻虫胺、吡虫啉、啶虫脒和噻虫嗪对蚜虫的毒力最高,其毒力分别是毒死蜱的49.2、40.7、26.6和26.1倍;其次是吡蚜酮、高效氯氰菊酯和氯氟氰菊酯,哒螨灵的毒力是毒死蜱的3.9倍。盆栽药剂拌种处理后50d,噻虫胺、噻虫嗪和吡虫啉对花生蚜的防效达仍在89%以上。田间拌种处理后25d,噻虫胺、噻虫嗪和吡虫啉对蚜虫的防效均达100%,药后45d防效达87.07%-92.67%,其中以噻虫胺防效最高,而对照药剂毒死蜱几乎无控制效果。采用新烟碱类药剂噻虫胺、噻虫嗪和吡虫啉拌种,对花生苗期蚜虫控制效果优异,并可有效控制地下害虫,且对天敌保护作用强。

To define the toxicity of clothianidin and other 8 insectcldes to Apnzs cracczvora, me toxicities to Aphis craccivora were detected using the insect-dip bioassay method. The effects of pot and field experiment to Aphis craccivora were also studied. The results showed that the toxicities of clothianidin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam against Aphis craccivora were 49.2, 40.7, 26.6 and 26. 1 times as those of chlorpyrifos, respectively. Followed by imidacloprid, beta-cyper- methrin, cyfluthrin were 7.5, 6.7 and 6.4 times as those of chlorpyrifos, respectively. And the toxic- itiy of pyridaben was 3.9 times of chlorpyrifos. Pot test results showed that the control effects of clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were all over 89 % when given the dose of 240g/100kg 50 days later. The results of field efficacy showed that the control effects of clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid were all up to 100% 25 days later, and were 87.07%~92.67% 45 days later. Clothiani- din had the best control effect to Aphis craccivora, while the control effect of chlorpyrifos was very poor. Clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid had excellent control effects to Aphis craccivora with seed dressing, and could control underground pests and protect the natural enemy effectively.