文学史书写:从政治向审美的历史变迁

The Writing of Literary History: A Historical Change from Politics to Aesthetic

上世纪八九十年代,对审美理想的诉求和外来观念的冲击,促成了文学史标准的重大变革,文学史书写呈现从政治标准向审美标准转向的历史进程,经过"重写文学史"、"重排大师座次"两次事件的催生,整个文学史研究空前繁荣。重新回顾这段历史可以发现,文学史审美标准的确立,其背后隐含着政治因素和二元对立思维模式。文学史标准不是单一的,而是多元的,必须打破文学史研究的中心论、二元论,建构一种社会历史文化背景下多维度、平衡的文学史观。

Because of the aspirations of aesthetic ideal and the impact of foreign ideas in the eighties and nineties, great changes have taken place on the standard of literary history. The writing of literary history shows a historical process from political criteria to aesthetic standards. Two incidents has spawned the prosperity of the study of literary history such as ＂Rewriting Literary History＂ and ＂Rearranging Seating of Masters＂. When reviewing this history, we can find that there are political factors and dualistic thinking patterns behind the aesthetic standard of literary history. The standard of literary history is not single but diverse, therefore, we must break the center theory and dualism in literary history research, and then construct a multi - dimensional and balanced literary history in the social historical and cultural background.