沈阳地区输血患者和献血者红细胞不规则抗体的分析

The study of red cell irregular antibodies of patients and healthy donors in Shenyang

目的：研究沈阳地区输血患者和健康献血者红细胞不规则抗体的分布规律，提高沈阳地区临床输血前检测技术水平，保证输血的安全有效。方法：采用凝聚胺方法和间接抗人球蛋白方法，对1887名输血患者及其输注的2056份血液标本进行红细胞不规则抗体筛选试验，并对筛选阳性者进行抗体特异性鉴定，分别统计不规则抗体在输血患者和健康人群中的发生率，并分析其是否存在性别、民族、年龄、血型等差异。结果：1887名输血患者抗体筛选阳性标本共计13例，阳性率0.69%（13/1887）；2056份血液标本抗体筛选阳性3例，阳性率0.15%（3/2056）。不规则抗体的分布均为女性高于男性，未发现存在民族、年龄和血型差异。结论：不规则抗体具有多态性分布特征；凝聚胺方法与间接抗人球蛋白方法相结合用于输血前检测是解决不规则抗体引起溶血性输血反应的有效方法。

Objective：To study and analyze the frequency and distribution of irregular antibodies of patients and healthy donors in Shenyang,and improve clinical transfusion level.Methods：Screening 1887 patients and 2056 healthy donors by polybrene and antiglobulin tests.Positive samples were identification,classification on antibody specificity IgM/IgG;the comparative analysis of the regions and minority,gender,age,etc.Results：13 samples of 1887 patients and 3 samples of 2056 healthy donors were antibody positive, and the frequency were 0.69%（13/1887）and 0.15%（3/2056）,respectively. The frequency of irregular antibodies in female was higher than that of in male（P〈0.05）. There were no other differences in ethic, age and blood group.Conclusion：Irregular antibody is polymorphism distribution;polybrene and antiglobulin tests can be used in irregular antibody screening and examination before transfusion.