足月正常新生儿自发性耳声发射特性分析

The Characteristics of Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions in Full-term Newborns

目的：探讨足月新生儿自发性耳声发射（spontaneous otoacoustic emission ，SOAE）的特性。方法采用丹麦尔听美公司Capella全功能耳声发射仪，对147例（236耳）通过瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）筛查的足月新生儿进行SOAE测试，分析SOAE的检出率、反应幅值、反应峰值以及频率分布特性。结果①147例236耳中，SOAE总检出率为56．77％（134／236），其中女婴检出率69．23％（90／130）明显高于男婴（41．51％，44／106）（P＜0．05），右耳检出率（64．17％，77／120）明显高于左耳（49．14％，57／116）（P＜0．05）。②SOAE平均幅值为11．78±8．36 dB SPL ，其中男婴11．73±8．25 dB SPL ，女婴11．81±8．43 dB SPL ；左耳11．97±8．56 dB SPL ，右耳11．65±8．22 dB SPL ；无性别和耳间差异（P＞0．05）。③SOAE频率集中分布于3212～3718 Hz ，其中男婴2930～3409 Hz ，女婴3353～3863 Hz ；左耳3212～3718 Hz ，右耳3151～3638 Hz ；男婴的频率分布低于女婴（P＜0．01）。④SOAE反应峰值均数为3．70±2．75个／耳，其中男婴3．86±2．87个／耳，女婴3．62±2．70个／耳；左耳3．70 ± 3．02个／耳，右耳3．70±2．55个／耳；无性别和耳间差异（P＞0．05）。结论足月新生儿SOAE检出率女婴高于男婴，右耳高于左耳，频率分布趋于高频，反应呈现多峰的特点，并且检出率及频率分布特性在女婴中更明显。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of spontaneous otoacoustic emission in full-term newbo‐rns .Methods The Capella OAE equipment （Madsen ,Denmark） was used to test Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emission （SOAE） in 147 cases （236ears） who have passed the newborn hearing screening with TEOAE（Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions） .Results The SOAE incidence was 56 .77% （male 41 .51% ,female 69 .23% ;left ear 49 .14% ,right ear 64 .17% ） .It was significantly higher in females （P〈0 .05） and in right ear （P〈0 .05） .The av‐erage amplitude was 11 .78 ± 8 .36 dB SPL（ 11 .73 ± 8 .25 dB in male ,11 .81 ± 8 .43 dB SPL in female;11 .97 ± 8 .56 dB SPL in the left ear ,11 .65 ± 8 .22 dB SPL in the right ear） .There were significant differences in genders（P〈0 .01） .The frequency of SOAE focused on 3 .2～ 3 .7 kHz（2 .9～3 .4 kHz in males ,3 .4～3 .9 kHz in females ;3 .2～3 .7 kHz in the left ears ,3 .2～3 .6 kHz in the right ears） .There were significant differences in genders（P〈0 .01） .The average peak of SOAE was 3 .70 ± 2 .75（3 .86 ± 2 .87 in males ,3 .62 ± 2 .70 in females;3 .70 ± 3 .02 in the left ears ,3 .70 ± 2 .55 in the right ears） .There were no significant differences in genders and laterality .Conclusion The characteristics of SOAE in full-term newborns include higher incidences ,multiple peaks and high frequency distribution .