基于排队论的公交停靠站通行能力模型研究

Model of Bus Stop Capacity Based on Queuing Theory

为了对公交停靠站采取有效的控制与管理措施,必须提高公交停靠站通行能力计算方法的准确性.以排队论为基础,将马尔可夫链嵌入公交车排队过程,假设停靠站为多条公交路线服务,公交车的到达符合泊松分布,停靠站用于上下客的公交车服务时间为独立同分布,推导出了普遍适用的公交停靠站通行能力的理论模型,确定合适的停靠站泊位数量.通过仿真模拟验证了该模型的准确性,而且证实模型能够较好地反映停靠站泊位数和公交服务时间变化对通行能力的影响.

For effective control and management of bus stop, the accurate calculation model features a Markov chain embedded in the bus queuing process. In case of the buses arrive at the stop as a Poisson process, the bus stop serves multiple bus routes, and bus service times for loading and unloading passengers at a stop are assumed to be independent and identically distributed across berths, the general model of the bus stop capacity is deduced, and suitable number of bus berths is determined. The accuracy of this model is verified by simulations, and the effects of the number of bus berths and the variation in the service times on the capacity of bus stop are discussed. The new model is more equitable and practical for planning and designing the circular inter section.