宋代行会初探

Around Guild Analysis in the Song Dynasty

宋代是我国古代商业发展繁荣时期,宋代行会是官府与客商博弈中延续发展起来的。宋代坐贾势力壮大,代替了汉唐以来客商独霸市场的局面,使中国古代的城市行会在宋代形成一种本地同业商人的市场垄断组织。宋代,同业商人组织的行接受官府的要求,筹办所需的用品,属于行的商人顺次担当供应需用品的任务。商业行会的重要职能表现为统一商品价格;限制竞争;应付官府科索。行会组织又有自身互助合作的性质,并成为了联系政府与商人之间的纽带。

The song dynasty is the period of business development boom in China＇s ancient, guild of the Song dynasty developed and extended from the game of the rulers and businessmen. Since the Song dynasty, businessmen＇s influence expanded, instead of the market situation of travel merchants since Han and Tang dynasties, make the guild in the Song dynasty formed a kind of market monopoly organization of local trade merchants in ancient cities in China. In the Song dynasty, trade merchants were accepted government＇s request, prepared required supplies, businessman belonging to the guild supply products in order. Important functions of commercial guild are unified commodity prices, limit competition and cope with government needs. The nature of the guild also was mutual cooperation, and became the links between government and businessmen.