消费是生态危机的根源吗?——人类“欲望”的三个向度分析

Is Consumption the Root of Ecological Crisis?Analysis of Three Dimensions of Human Desire

生态危机表征了人与自然关系的危机。从本质上探究,生态危机导源于人性中欲望的复归和释放,是"欲望支配世界"的现代性后果。因此,透视生态危机产生的原因,要将"欲望"纳入历史的通道,作为考量人与自然关系演变的依据。近代主体性哲学构建了一个由"征服自然的欲望"、"追求财富的欲望"和"过度消费的欲望"内在勾连的逻辑框架,并构成了生态危机产生的三个向度。因而,消费只是生态危机的表象,并不是其根源。消解由欲望高度张扬所导致的人与自然关系的紧张,需要建立伦理规制,从思想意识上提高人与自然和谐相处的自觉性。

Ecological crisis represents the crisis of the relationship between human beings andthe nature.From a perspective of deep essence,ecological crisis originates the returning and releasing of human desire and is the modern outcome of＂the desire dominates the world＂.Therefore,to find the causes of ecological crisis,it should considerate the desire into history channel and regard the desire as the standard measuring the evolution of the relationship between human beings and the nature.The modern subjective philosophy constructs a logic framework with the intrinsic relationship among the desire to conquer nature,the desire to pursuit wealth and the desire for excessive consumption,and forms three dimensions of the emergence of ecological crisis.Therefore,consumption is only the appearance of ecological crisis,not the root cause.The resolution to the tight relation between human beings and the nature resulting from highly publicized desire depends on the establishment of ethical rules and regulations and the improvement of selfconsciousness of the harmony between human beings and the nature from the ideology perspective.