自贸区仲裁规则的冷静思考

Calm Ponder of the China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone Arbitration Rules

《中国(上海)自由贸易试验区仲裁规则》增加了当事人意思自治的程度和仲裁庭的权限,试图与最新的国际仲裁规则保持一致,但过于"国际化"的规则却与我国《民事诉讼法》与《仲裁法》的立法难以衔接。看似创新性的开放仲裁员名册制虽然有利于扩大当事人意思自治程度,但可能会延长仲裁期限、降低仲裁效率。仲裁庭临时措施决定权、紧急仲裁庭、合并仲裁制等看起来有助于提高仲裁效率,但因未能得到立法的支撑而可能在实践运行中难以取得良好的效果,并可能降低仲裁效率、牺牲程序公正价值。仲裁第三人的权利义务不明,会影响仲裁程序的进行。国际经验的吸纳不应当是简单的条款移植,而应保证引进的可操作性。因此,有必要通过附则的形式,对该规则进行补充说明和修订。

＂The China（Shanghai）Pilot Free Trade Zone Arbitration Rules＂increases the degree of autonomy of the parties and the power of arbitral tribunal,trying to keep consistent with the latest international arbitration rules.But excess＂internationalization＂of the rules results in some conflicts with China＇s＂Civil Procedure Law＂and the＂Arbitration Law＂.The open panel of arbitrators system which seems to be innovative is beneficial to the expansion of the degree of party autonomy,but may last the arbitration period and reduce the arbitration efficiency.Measures such as the arbitration tribunal decisions on temporary measures,emergency arbitration tribunal and consolidated arbitration system seem to be conducive to the increase in arbitration efficiency,but may be difficult to achieve good results in practice owing to the failure to legislative support,reduce the arbitration efficiency and sacrifice the value of procedure justice.Fuzzy rights and obligations of the third party during the arbitration can affect the arbitral procedure.The absorption of international experience should not be the simple transplantation of terms,but should guarantee the maneuverability.Therefore,it is necessary to supplement and amend the rules through annex forms.