出口经验对出口学习效应的影响研究——基于企业所有制异质性的视角

A Study on the Influence of Export Experience on Learning-by-exporting Effects——From the Perspective of Heterogeneous Ownership of Enterprises

本文利用1998-2007年中国规模以上工业企业数据,采用随机效应模型,从企业所有制异质性的视角考察了出口经验对出口学习效应的影响。研究结果发现,中国工业企业确实存在出口学习效应,且该效应在一直出口的企业中显著存在,而对有一定出口经验的企业并不显著。对国有控股、集体控股和私人控股的企业来说,已出口一年的企业和一直出口企业的出口学习效应都呈递减态势,且前者为负、后者显著为正。在港澳台控股和外商控股企业中,已出口一年的企业出口学习效应显著为负,但随着出口年限的增加,外商控股企业的出口学习效应逐渐增强。

Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2007,and with a random effects model,this paper examines the influence of export experience on the effects of learning-by-exporting for enterprises of heterogeneous ownership. It finds that: learning-by-exporting effects do exist among Chinese industrial enterprises,and these effects are most pronounced among established exporters. For enterprises with some experience of export,learning effects are insignificant.Learning effects are negative and declining among new entrants to export markets,but they are positive and declining among established exporters of state-owned,collective owned and private owned enterprises. As the experience in export accumulates,learning effects will be stronger for foreign-owned enterprises.