论社会组织在我国宪法体制中的合理定位——关于《宪法》第二条的完善建议

The Proper Position of Social Organizations in the Constitutional System——an Amendment Proposal

具有主体性、自治性与民主性的现代社会组织,既有利于扩大公民的民主参与,也能有效监督、制约政府,更能促进政府职能转变。在我国,由于权利缺位,关于社会团体的制度设计既不符合效益原则,也有悖于权利本位的法律理念,更有违人权保障的政治要求。为此,建议完善《宪法》第二条,赋予社会团体自治权,合理定位社会团体在宪法体制中的地位,明确自治活动与宪法、法律之间的关系,从而构建公民自由、社会自治、国家自律的现代宪法结构。

Modern social organizations with subjectivity,autonomy,and democracy are beneficial to expanding citizens' democratic participation,supervising and restricting the government,and promoting the government's functional transition. However,because of the rights absence,related provisions cannot fit in with the principle of utility and express the law connotation of authority standard; they even go against the political requirements of human rights protection. Therefore,it is necessary to amend the Constitution to grant autonomy to social organizations,properly define their position in the constitutional system,and clarify the relationship between autonomous activities and the Constitution and laws so as to set up a modern constitutional structure with civil freedom,social autonomy,and a state that is self-disciplined.