论法的理想类型及其国家与社会治理现代化意义

On Ideal Types of Law and Their Significance in the Governance of Countries and Societies

美国学者诺内特和塞尔兹尼克将法分为压制型法、自治型法和回应型法,这三种理想类型法虽然是从历史中抽象出来的,从法的历史制度形态与国家和社会治理结构关系来看,各种类型的法的国家与社会治理功能和价值从一开始就包含了国家与社会治理的意蕴,压制型法中突出体现了现代国家与社会治理中国家亲权需求下的法律父爱主义,自治型法体现了民主法治下基本自由主义精神,回应型法则体现了多元社会治理模式下的法律合作主义精神。

American scholars P. Nonet and P. Selznick divide the law into repressive law,autonomous law,and responsive law. These three ideal types are attracted from history. Seen from the relationships between law's historical system forms and country and society governing structures,the country and society governing functions and values of various laws contain from the very beginning the implication of country and society governance. The repressive law prominently reflects law's paternalism that is required by the state parental power in modern country and society governance; the autonomous law the basic liberalism under the rule of law; the responsive law reflects law's corporatism in plural society governance.