有限液深下弹性侧壁液舱内晃荡共振特性实验研究

Experimental study of resonant behavior of sloshing in elastic bulkhead tanks under finite depth

对有限液深下,弹性侧壁矩形液舱内液体晃荡的共振特性进行了物理模型实验研究.通过扫频实验给出了不同液深和激励振幅下舱内液体的最低阶固有频率.自由液面形状和高度经由影像采集与分析系统得到,通过压力和应变采集系统分别得到作用在舱壁上的晃荡压力和舱壁的应变.对有限液深下弹性侧壁液舱内自由液面波形进行了描述,同时在时域和频域范围内对自由液面高度、晃荡压力和结构应变的共振变化特性进行了分析,并且对弹性侧壁液舱内结构应变的时间变化特性和空间分布特性做了进一步的研究和讨论.结果表明:晃荡压力和结构应变波峰处均出现双峰,压力和应变频谱受双峰的影响较大;在顶盖舱壁上,距顶角不远位置处更容易出现较大的应变.

A physical model test is conducted to study the resonant behavior of liquid sloshing in elastic bulkhead rectangular tanks under the finite depth.The lowest-order natural frequencies of the liquid in the tanks are determined by frequency sweep experiment under different liquid depths and excitation amplitudes.The wave shape and the elevation are obtained by an image acquisition and data analysis system.The sloshing pressure on tank wall and structural strain of tank wall are obtained by the pressure and the strain acquisition system.The wave shape in the elastic bulkhead tank under the finite depth is described,and the resonant variational characteristics of the elevation,the pressure and the strain are analyzed in the time domain and the frequency domain.The time variation and the space distribution characteristics of the structural strain are further discussed and dissected. The experimental analyses indicate that,the double-peak phenomenon is observed at the crest of the pressure and the strain,and the spectrums of the pressure and the strain are greatly influenced by the double peak.On the tank ceiling,larger strains are more likely to appear in the place near the corner.