中性粒细胞在获得性免疫中的作用

Role of neutrophils in acquired immune responses

中性粒细胞不仅参与天然免疫,在获得性免疫中也发挥重要作用。中性粒细胞能够作为专职抗原提呈细胞(antigen presenting cells,APCs),提呈抗原并诱导T细胞分化;脾脏边缘区(marginal zone,MZ)的中性粒细胞可通过激活边缘区B细胞来诱导非T细胞依赖性的B细胞免疫应答;中性粒细胞中一类具有特殊表型的细胞(CD11cbright/CD62Ldim/CD11bbright/CD16bright)在急性炎症时能够抑制T细胞的激活。对中性粒细胞这些作用的认识,有助于阐明慢性炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和肿瘤的发生机制,并为这些疾病的治疗寻找新的靶点。

Neutrophils play important roles not only in innate immune responses but also in acquired immune responses.As newly defined professional antigen presenting cells(APCs),neutrophils can present antigens to T cells and induce T cell differentiation.Splenic neutrophils have also been shown to support T cell-independent antibody responses by direct activation of marginal zone(MZ)B cells.A subset of human neutrophils with phenotype of CD11cbright/CD62Ldim/CD11bbright/CD16 bright can suppress T cell activation in response to acute inflammation.These new findings about neutrophils can help us to better understand the mechanisms of chronic inflammatory diseases,autoimmune diseases,and cancer,and may also eventually contribute to the discovery of new therapy targets for these diseases.