自制炸药的冲击波超压测试及TNT当量估算

Shock Wave Overpressure Test and Evaluation of TNT Equivalent of Self-made Explosives

为评估典型自制炸药的威力,采用无线存储测试仪测量了一定质量的雷药、三过氧化三丙酮(TATP)、六亚甲基三过氧化二胺(HMTD)、高氯酸钾/铝及硝酸铵/铝5种自制炸药爆炸后不同距离处的冲击波超压及衰减规律。运用非线性显式动力学软件AUTODYN建立了TNT炸药-土壤-空气域有限元模型,用流固耦合算法计算了不同质量TNT的超压场,获得了距离爆心38、58和78cm处TNT炸药质量-超压曲线,依据该曲线计算了自制炸药的TNT当量。结果表明,TATP、HMTD的TNT当量系数计算结果与文献值基本一致,相对误差在2%以内。

To evaluate the power of typical self-made explosives,the overpressure and attenuation rule at different distances after the explosion of five kinds of self-made explosives:fireworks,TATP, HMTD,KClO4/Al, NH4 NO3/Al with a certain mass were measured by a wireless memory tester.An infinite element wedge model of TNT explosive-soil-airdomain was established by a nonlinear explicit dynamics software AUTODYN. The overpressure field of TNT with different mass was calculated with the fluid-solid coupling algorithms.The TNT mass-overpressure curves at the distance of 38,58 and 78cm from explosion center were obtained .The TNT equivalents of self-made explosives were estimated based on the TNT mass-overpressure curves.Results show that the computed results of TNT equivalent coefficient for TATP and HMTD are in agreement with the literature ones, and the relative error is within 2%.