我国海洋渔业生态政策变迁史研究(1949-1986)

The Study of the History of Chinese Marine Fishery Ecological Policies(1949-1986)

从政策的广义含义上,将渔业生态政策定义为政府为实现海洋渔业经济增长与生态资源的可持续发展,按照一定的程序而采取的一系列政治行为,包括海洋渔业生态方面的方针、原则、路线、政府行为等。在1986年《渔业法》颁布以前,我国海洋渔业生态政策可依据其不同的影响被划分为4个阶段:(1)1949年至1958年的缺失及萌芽阶段;(2)1958年至1966年的"进步"与"破坏"并存的曲折前进阶段;(3)1966年至1976年的"生态危机"阶段;(4)1976年至1983年的恢复及发展阶段。

This paper defines the marine fishery ecological policies as a series of government behaviors to be accordant with certain procedures and actions, aiming at achieving economic growth and sustainable development of marine ecological resources, including the ecological aspects of marine fishery policies, principles, routes and government behavior. Before “China Fisheries Law” was enacted in 1986, Chinese marine fishery ecological polices can be divided into four stages based on their different effects, including: first, the infancy stage from 1949 to 1958; second, the stage of “progressing” and “destroying” co-existing; third, the stage of “ecological crisis” from 1966 to 1976; fourth, the stage of recovery and development from 1976 to 1983.