调亏灌溉对荒漠绿洲区滴灌酿酒葡萄产量及品质的影响

Effect of regulated deficit drip irrigation on yield and quality of wine grape in desert oasis

本试验以13a生酿酒葡萄梅鹿辄(Merlot)为试材,研究调亏灌溉对滴灌酿酒葡萄水分利用效率、产量与品质的影响。结果表明:浆果生长期是酿酒葡萄需水关键期,该阶段亏水减产幅度达28.7%,WUE降低12.8%;新梢生长期适度亏水能提高酿酒葡萄挂果率,达到增产的目的;开花座果期或浆果成熟期适度亏水对产量影响较小,但浆果成熟期适度亏水有利于果实干物质积累,能够使总糖含量提高22.4%,可滴定酸含量降低9.3%,并能保持适量的单宁和花色苷,对提高葡萄品质具有重要意义。综合分析认为,调亏灌溉条件下,酿酒葡萄产量和品质对亏水的敏感期不同,产量对亏水的敏感期为浆果生长期,而品质则为浆果成熟期。

This experiment studied the effect of regulated deficit drip irrigation on water use etllcmncy, ylelo ano quality of wine grape （Medot, 13a）. The results showed that berry growth period was the moisture critical period for wine grapes and the yield reduced 28.7% and water use efficiency dropped 12.8% if the moisture was defi- cit. The moderate water deficit in new shoot could improve the fruit rate and increase the yield. The moderate water deficit in flowering fruit- set or berry maturity period had almost no effect on the yield, but it significantly improve the quality of wine grape by means of increasing the total sugar content 22.4% , reducing the titratable acid content by 9.3 % and maintaining moderate tannins and anthocyanins if the moderate water deficit was car- ried out in berry maturity period. The yield moisture sensitive period of wine grapes was berry growth period and the quality moisture sensitive period was berry maturity period.