中国内地家暴犯罪的罪与罚——以最高人民法院公布的四起家暴刑事典型案件为主要视角

Crimes and Punishments of Domestic Violence in China's Mainland:In View of the Four Typical DV Cases Issued by the Supreme People's Court

现阶段我国家暴乃至家暴犯罪普遍存在,危害广泛,但由于其自身特点而导致查出困难。我国最高人民法院2014年2月公布了10个典型家暴案件,其中的4个家暴刑事案件为我们研究家暴犯罪的罪与罚提供了难得的素材。以这些典型案件为主要视角考察对家暴犯罪行为的定性问题,要注意对长期虐待行为的刑事评价以及对虐待致人重伤、死亡行为的定罪区分;同时尤其要注意对以暴制暴行为的定性,并适当参酌国外"受虐妇女综合症"的理论。对家暴犯罪行为的量刑,要重点考虑被害人过错和防卫过当等影响量刑从宽的因素。我们应当完善预防制止家暴犯罪的罪刑规范,并予以综合防范。

Nowadays domestic violence and domestic violence crimes are starting to prevail and causing widely harm. It is difficult to detect domestic violence for its own characteristics. The Supreme People＇ s court issued 10 typical domestic violence cases, among which 4 cases are criminal ones. These cases provide rare samples for the research on crimes and punishments of domestic violence cases. From the study of these four typical domestic violence cases, we believe to determine the nature of criminal conduct in domestic violence, one should pay attention to the judgment of consistent abuses, and how to judge abuse behavior causing grievous bodily harm or death. We should also pay attention to how to judge retributive violence behavior, and appropriately consider ＂Battered woman syndrome＂ theory. As for the sentencing of domestic violence crimes, the key elements should be the lenient factors, such as victim＇ s fault, excessive defense and so on. Finally, we should perfect the criminal regulations on domestic violence crime and adopt comprehensive preventive measures.