论《纽约公约》下仲裁协议效力的确定——以“默示仲裁协议”为视角

Probe on Ascertaining Effect of Arbitration Agreement under New York Convention: in View of Implied Arbitration Agreement

外国商事仲裁裁决在我国申请承认与执行时,《纽约公约》是我国审查外国商事仲裁裁决承认与执行时的主要法律依据。根据《纽约公约》第2条规定,默示仲裁协议并不属于该公约所规定的书面仲裁协议的范畴。《纽约公约》第5条规定了仲裁协议效力判断的准据法,但并不全面。在某一缔约国依据默示仲裁协议作出的裁决可否在其他缔约国获得承认与执行,需根据执行国法律进行判断,有的国家根据其国内法承认默示仲裁协议效力之规定,对此予以承认与执行。在目前的立法思想和现行法律下,我国有限度地承认默示仲裁协议的效力,依据该协议做出的外国仲裁裁决,只有在满足一定条件后方能获得承认与执行。

While foreign arbitral awards applied for recognition and enforcement in our country, New York Convention shall be the main legal ground when the local court reviews the case. Implied arbitration agreement can＇ t be considered as arbitration in writing in accordance with the article 2 under New York Convention. Under the article 5 of New York Convention, although it stipulates the proper law for the validity of arbitration agreement, it is still incomplete. Whether the foreign arbitral award can be recognized and enforced in another country, it＇ ll depend on the laws and regulations of the said country. A certain countries will recognize and enforce the foreign arbitral award aforesaid in accordance with its national law. However, according to Chinese laws and regulations, the court may approve the effective of implied arbitration agreement conditionality, therefore, after the foreign arbitral awards complied with some conditions, it will get recognized and enforced.