细旦吸湿涤纶短纤维纺丝工艺探讨

Discussion of spinning process of fine denier hygroscopic polyester staple fiber

以加入吸湿官能团改性的聚酯（PET）切片为原料,生产0.89 dtex圆形截面和1.11 dtex三叶形截面的细旦吸湿涤纶短纤维,对其纺丝工艺进行了探讨。结果表明：采用流化床与充填干燥塔相结合的干燥方式,干燥塔温度为140~150℃,干燥时间约4 h,对改性PET切片进行干燥,切片含水率小于30μg/g;喷丝板孔形分别为实芯圆形、Y形;在纺丝温度为280~285℃,纺丝速度分别为1 320~1 370 m/min,980~1 300m/min,冷却风温度分别为26~29℃,21~24℃,风速分别为0.95~1.05 m/s,1.0~1.1 m/s,热定型温度170~180℃,总拉伸倍数3.5~3.6,卷曲机温度65~80℃,生产速度分别为135~145 m/min,130~160m/min的条件下,所生产的0.89 dtex圆形截面和1.11 dtex三叶形截面的细旦吸湿涤纶短纤维,其断裂强度分别为4.64,4.81 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率分别为22.1%,34.2%,卷曲率分别为11.9%,11.1%,干热收缩率分别为9.2%,9.8%,比电阻分别为5.2×108,6.4×107Ω·cm,回潮率分别为0.56%,0.38%。

Fine denier hygroscopic polyester（ PET） staple fiber of 0. 89 dtex with circular cross section and 1. 11 dtex with trilobal cross section were prepared by using PET chips incorporated with hygroscopic functional groups as raw material. The spinning process of the fine denier hygroscopic PET staple fiber was discussed. The results showed that the fine denier hygroscopic PET staple fibers of 0. 89 dtex with circular cross section and 1. 11 dtex with trilobal cross section could be produced with the breaking strength 4. 64 c N / dtex and 4. 81 c N / dtex,elongation at break 22. 1% and 34. 2%,crimp rate 11. 9% and 11. 1%,dry hot shrinkage 9. 2% and 9. 8%,specific resistance 5. 2 × 108 and 6. 4 × 107Ω·cm,moisture regain 0. 56% and 0. 38%,respectively,when the process conditions were as followed： a drying unit combining a fluidized bed and a filling drying tower for modified PET chips,drying tower temperature 140- 150 ℃,drying time about 4 h,moisture content of chips below 30 μg / g,circular or trilobal spinneret holes,spinning temperature 280- 285 ℃,spinning velocity 1 320- 1 370 m / min and 980- 1 300 m / min,quenching air temperature 26- 29 ℃ and 21- 24 ℃,air speed 0. 95- 1. 05 m / s and 1. 0- 1. 1 m / s,heat setting temperature 170- 180℃,total draw ratio 3. 5- 3. 6,crimping temperature 65- 80℃,production speed 135- 145 m / min and 130- 160 m / min.