12周规律性运动对健康成人膝关节软骨体积的影响

Effect of Various Types of Exercises on Knee Cartilage Volume of Healthy Adults

目的:探讨规律性运动锻炼对膝关节软骨体积的影响。方法:根据入选和排除标准选定120名健康大学生,随机分为5组:对照组、跑步组、自行车组、快走组和游泳组。运动为每天50分钟,每周5天。运动负荷以靶心率为准。12周规律性的运动锻炼前后,分别测量体重指数、右下肢等速肌力,行右膝关节核磁共振成像检查。通过定量核磁共振图像,利用OSIRIS软件进行关节软骨的三维重构,测算膝关节软骨体积。对结果进行统计学分析。结果:12周运动锻炼后,跑步、自行车、游泳和快走组的体重指数变化有统计学意义;自行车组和游泳组的右下肢伸肌肌力变化差异有统计学意义;跑步组和自行车组的膝关节软骨体积显著减少(P<0.01),减少率分别为(2.21±3.03)%和(1.50±0.42)%;游泳组、快走组和对照组软骨体积变化差异无统计学意义。结论:12周的规律性跑步、自行车运动可造成膝关节软骨体积显著减少,而快走和游泳对膝关节软骨体积影响不显著,相对于跑步和自行车运动更值得提倡。提示软骨在运动锻炼后有一定的适应性改变,而是否会因此导致骨关节炎的发生发展,有待更长时间观察。

Objective To investigate the effect of various types of exercises on the volume of knee cartilage of healthy adults.Methods 113 healthy volunteer students were selected in accordance to their age,weight,and exercise history as the subjects in this study.They were randomly assigned into running,power striding,cycling,swimming,and control groups.They performed various types of exercises lasted for 12 weeks,50 minutes per day,5 days per week.BMI,strength of lower limb and knee cartilage MRI of the subjects were obtained before and after the exercises.Cartilage volume was calculated by OSIRIS software based on the quantitative MRI.The difference in the cartilage volume was compared before and after the exercises.Results BMI in running,cycling and swimming groups decreased significantly,quadriceps peak torque in the swimming and cycling groups increased significantly,total cartilage volume in running and cycling groups decreased significantly after 12 weeks of exercise.The loss of cartilage volume in running and cycling groups was 2.21%and 1.50%,respectively.The cartilage volume in swimming,power striding and control groups remained unchanged after 12 weeks of exercise.Conclusion The total knee cartilage volume decreases after 12 weeks of running and cycling,and remained unchanged after 12 weeks of power striding and swimming.