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伍用不同剂量右美托咪定对老年患者内镜逆行胰胆管造影丙泊酚麻醉效果的影响 被引量:7

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摘要 目的:观察老年患者内镜逆行胰胆管造影术( ERCP)中伍用不同剂量右美托咪定( Dex)对丙泊酚麻醉效果的影响。方法择期行ERCP的老年患者100例,美国麻醉师协会( ASA)分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,年龄≥65岁,随机分成对照组( C 组)、Dex 0.3μg· kg^-1· h^-1组( D1组)、Dex 0.5μg· kg^-1· h^-1组( D2组)与Dex 0.7μg· kg^-1· h^-1组( D3组)。 D1、D2及D3组于10 min内静脉输注Dex负荷剂量1.0μg/kg,然后分别以0.3、0.5及0.7μg· kg^-1· h^-1的速度输注至退镜;C组静脉输注生理盐水10 ml。4组均采用静脉麻醉,输注泵输注丙泊酚3~4 mg/kg。于入室时( T0)、诱导前(T1)、在意识消失(睫毛反射消失)时(T2)、十二指肠镜进入食管即刻(T3)记录收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、脉搏血氧饱和度( SPO2)和呼吸频率( RR)。于T0、T3及术后10 min测定血清皮质醇( Cor)浓度。记录丙泊酚用量、手术时间、苏醒时间、肢体扭动及呼吸抑制等麻醉不良反应的发生率、丙泊酚追加率和血管活性药物的使用率。结果与 C 组比较,D1、D2和 D3组 T1~T3时 SBP 明显降低,HR 明显减慢( P<0.05);T3时,DBP明显降低,RR明显减慢(P<0.05)。 C和D1组内,T3与T2比较SBP、DBP明显升高,HR明显增快(P<0.05)。 D2组内,T3与T2比较SBP、DBP及HR较平稳(P>0.05)。 D3组内,T3与T0、T2比较SBP、DBP明显降低,HR明显减慢(P<0.05)。与C组比较,D1、D2和D3组丙泊酚用量明显减少,T3及术后10 min的Cor值明显降低,丙泊酚的追加率、艾司洛尔的使用率降低,呼吸抑制、体动的发生率降低,阿托品的使用率升高(P<0.05);与D3组比较,C、D1及D2组的苏醒时间缩短(P<0.05)。结论 Dex可安全有效伍用于老年患者ERCP丙泊酚麻醉,中等剂量即可减少丙泊酚用量,并不影响苏醒时间和效果,有助于维持老年患者围术期血流动力学稳定。
出处 《中国老年学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第22期6363-6365,共3页 Chinese Journal of Gerontology
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参考文献11

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二级参考文献20

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