应用动物体温维持仪与仿真热气候动物舱建立大鼠经典型热射病模型的比较

Comparison between animal temperature controller and artificial climate chamber employed for the establishment of classical heat

目的 比较应用动物体温维持仪与仿真热气候动物舱建立的大鼠经典型热射病（CHS）模型的异同.方法 雄性SPF级Wistar大鼠24只,随机（随机数字法）分为室温对照（C-C）组、高温对照（HS-C）组、高温麻醉（HS-A）组.HS-C和HS-A组大鼠分别使用仿真热气候动物舱和动物体温维持仪行35℃热暴露,监测各组大鼠动脉收缩压（SBP）、核心体温（Tc）变化,记录发病时间,比较两组大鼠白细胞（WBC）计数、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-1β （LL-1β）等炎症指标变化及大脑、肺、肝、小肠、肾等主要器官病理改变.结果 HS-A组大鼠发病时间比HS-C组明显缩短[（40.0±4.3）minvs.（110.1±5.3） min,P＜0.01],发病时SBP及Tc比HS-C组低（159.1±5.91） mmHgvs.（174.54±5.77） mmHg（1mmHg =0.133 kPa）,P＜0.01;（43.5±0.4）℃vs.（44.4±0.2）℃,P＜ 0.01）.建模后两组大鼠WBC、CRP、TNF-α、IL-1β水平较C-C组均显著升高（P＜0.01）,且HS-A组炎性因子水平比HS-C组低（P＜0.01）,但WBC计数差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组大鼠大脑、肺、肝、小肠、肾等主要器官病理无明显改变.结论 应用动物体温维持仪建立大鼠CHS模型与仿真热气候动物舱法差异无统计学意义,并且能够明显缩短建模时间、节约成本,是一种简易、可靠而又经济的模型建立方法,可以替代仿真热气候动物舱法.

Objective To investigate the differences between animal temperature controller （ATC） and artificial climate chamber （ACC） used for the establishment of classical heat stroke （CHS） rat model.Methods Twenty-four male specific pathogen-free Wistar rats were randomly （random number） and equally assigned to three groups,namely room temperature control （C-C） group,heat stroke under conscious state （HS-C） group,and heat stroke under anesthesia （HS-A） group.Rats of HS-C or HS-A group were placed into ACC or ATC,then exposed to 35 ℃ heat stress.The systolic blood pressure （SBP） and core body temperature （Tc） were monitored.The time required for onset of HS was recorded.The white blood cell count （WBC） in peripheral blood and serum levels of C-reactive protein （CRP）,tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α） and interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β） were measured.The histopathological changes of major organs were also confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining.Results The onset time in HS-A group was significantly shorter thanthatin HS-C group [（40.0 ± 4.3） minvs.（110.1 ± 5.3） min,P〈0.01].The SBP and Tc at this moment were lower in HS-A group [（159.1 ± 5.91） mmHg vs.（174.54 ± 5.77） mmHg,P〈0.01;（43.5 ± 0.4）℃ vs.（44.4 ± 0.2）℃,P〈0.01].TheWBC,CRP,TNF-α and IL-1 β levels of these two HS groups were dramatically elevated compared with C-C group （P 〈0.01）.The inflammatory cytokines levels in HS-A group were significantly lower than those in HS-C group （P 〈 0.01）,but there was no difference in WBC between them （P 〉 0.05）.However,there was no obvious difference in histopathological change in major organ observed between HS-A and HS-C groups.Conclusions In comparison of these two methods,ATC is similar to ACC in respect of the establishment of CHS rat model.ATC is quicker in onset of HS,and more simplified and economical than ACC and could substitute ACC.