西安市麻风流行县居民麻风知信行调查

Study on Knowledge,Attitudes and Behaviors of Leprosy among Residents in Xi'an Epidemic Areas

目的了解西安市麻风流行地区村民对麻风知识知晓情况,对麻风的态度及行为,为今后更有效开展麻风病健康教育工作提供方向。方法在西安市麻风流行较重的地区周至县、蓝田县、户县3个县随机抽取6个乡镇,每个乡镇随机抽取150名常住居民进行面访式问卷调查,包括调查对象对麻风的认知、态度及行为。结果共计调查了1 067名居民,麻风知识总知晓率为40.44%,文化程度较高者麻风核心知识知晓率较高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。被调查对象态度和行为总正确率为37.01%,居民获取麻风知识的主要来源为朋友邻居、电视及麻风相关宣传活动。结论麻风流行地区居民对麻风防治知识普遍欠缺,相当比例的村民对麻风病人存在恐惧与歧视,今后需加强对大众的麻风健康教育。

Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitudes and behaviors of leprosy among the residents in Xi＇an to provide strategic guidance for conducting leprosy-related health education. Methods Six leprosy epi- demic villages were randomly selected from Xi＇an leprosy epidemic areas （Zhouzhi, Huxian, Lantian）, and 150 residents were randomly selected from each village. All of the participants were interviewed face-to- face by filling out the questionnaires about knowledge, attitudes and behaviors on leprosy. Results A total of 1 067 residents participated the study. The rate on the awareness Of leprosy knowledge was 40.44%. The residents with higher level of educational known more （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The correct rates of leprosy-related attitudes and behaviors were 37.01%. The main approaches that can learn more about leprosy were from friends and neighbors,TV and health personnels. Conclusion Residents in the leprosy epidemic areas in Xi＇an were commonly lack of the knowledge on the prevention and treatment of leprosy and many people still hold discrimination towards leprosy patients. Therefore, more emphasis should be put on the public health education about the leprosy.