生物反馈训练对正常青年人下肢部分负重控制准确性的影响及相关性分析

The accuracy of gait quantization for evaluating partial weight-bearing normal young guys

目的 观察生物反馈训练对正常青年人下肢部分负重控制准确性的影响,并探讨其相关影响因素.方法 分别采用口头提示法、体重秤称重法及生物反馈法指导7名青年志愿者使用双肘拐辅助下肢进行减重（减重标准为20％体重负荷）步行训练,采用PierenStep步态量化训练与测试系统进行数据采集,对比分析入选志愿者使用这3种减重方法时的减重控制准确性,并观察志愿者在关闭生物反馈提示后6 min内延续效果,同时探讨影响志愿者使用生物反馈法时减重准确性的相关因素.结果 经统计学分析发现,入选7名青年志愿者使用口头提示法、体重秤称重法及生物反馈法减重步行时的“患肢”负重误差均值、误差最大值、最小值和负重误差比例其间差异均具有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）,且3种减重方案的误差值两两比较差异也具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.相关性分析结果显示性别（r=-0.67,P ＜0.05）、身高（r=0.53,P＜0.05）及日均运动时间（r=0.56,P＜0.05）与入选志愿者减重准确性密切相关,年龄、体重与志愿者减重准确性间未见明显相关性（P＞0.05）.结论 生物反馈训练能促使青年志愿者实现准确的下肢支撑控制,并且有明显的短时后续效应,有望为骨折患者减重步行训练提供安全的步行条件.

Objective To compare the accuracy of weight-bearing training using biofeedback with conventional training for partial weight-bearing patients,and the factors influencing the accuracy.Methods Seven healthy volunteers were recruited to practice on a treadmill with their body weight partially supported on paired elbow crutches.The weight reduction was controlled by the subjects by means of verbal prompting from an experienced therapist,or by using a bathroom scale or a sound-vibrating biofeedback from the PierenStep gait quantization system.The PierenStep gait quantization system was also used to collect the data.All the subjects were instructed to reduce 20% of their body weight on their appointed leg.The accuracy of weight reduction on the appointed leg after training under the three methods was compared and the factors influencing the accuracy were analyzed.Results Significant differences were found among the three methods in terms of the average deviations observed,the maximum and minimum values.Sex,height and exercise time per day all were significantly correlated with the accuracy.Conclusions Biofeedback can help healthy young persons control the weight borne by their lower limbs accurately with obvious short-time subsequent effects.This should be helpful in the rehabilitation of fracture patients.