“资本的城市化”探讨——以南京为例

Visiting the Urbanization of Capital——Case of Nanjing

《资本城市化》是哈维经典著作之一,其中资本转换的观点极具冲击力,是马克思主义地理学前沿观点,在学术界内外影响较大。资本转换理论在直觉上与逻辑上是精确、严密的,但至今只是抽象的理论假说,对该理论进行实证尝试者较少。本文在我国三十多年快速城市化背景下,以南京为例,运用三种独立方法并结合四个特别的数据集,分析南京城市化过程中资本转换现象,重新探讨资本城市化理论。结果表明:南京在三十多年快速城市化过程中存在资本转换现象且规模较大,但相对欧美国家存在一定差异。

Urbanization of capital is one of the classic of Harvey. And the＂capital switching＂is of great impact, a front view of the Marxism geography. On intuition and logic, the capital switching is precise, rigorous. Only a few try to discuss this theory with empirical assessments. However, they finally disagree with it and even against for it. Under the background of rapid urbanization in China, this article takes Nanjing as an example, using three separate methods combined with the four special data sets, analyzes the capital switching phenomenon in the process of its urbanization in Nanjing, and revisits the urbanization of capital. The results show that： the capital switching phenomena of Nanjing in more than 30 years does exist in the process of its rapid urbanization and the scale is larger; but when relating it to the western countries, there exist certain differences. This article can only confirm that： the capital switching phenomena does take place, while it can not demonstrate the reasons that Harvey has stated： investment in the urban built environment usually arises from an over accumulation of productive capital and a concomitant slowing of growth in direct investment into production activity.