郑州地区7～12岁儿童血压分布特征

Distribution of blood pressure in children aged 7 to 12 in Zhengzhou

目的了解郑州地区7-12岁儿童的血压现况。方法按分层整群随机抽样法抽取郑州市3个城区和2个郊区县的5所学校6-13岁在校儿童,测量身高、体质量、腰围、臀围、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）,对相关数据进行分析。结果调查的7-12岁儿童有效人数为6460人,其中城区3206人（49.63%）,郊区县3 254人（50.37%）;男童3 525人（54.57%）,女童2 935人（45.43%）。男童的SBP（117.86±18.18）mmHg明显高于女童（113.82±13.11）mmHg,差异有统计学意义（t=3.16,P=0.002）。高血压发生率7.52%;其中男童高血压发生率明显高于女童,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=9.66,P=0.002）;无论男、女童,城区儿童高血压发生率均高于郊区县,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=24.15、14.39,P均=0.000）。男童的SBP和DBP,女童SBP均与年龄、身高、体质量、BMI、腰围呈显著正相关（P均〈0.01）。结论郑州地区儿童青少年血压的分布特征为男性高于女性,城区高于郊区县,儿童血压与年龄、身高、体质量、BMI、腰围密切相关。

Objective To understand the feature of blood pressure in children aged 7 to 12 years in Zhengzhou.Methods According to stratified cluster random sampling method,children aged 7 to 12 years in five schools from three urban and two suburban counties in Zhengzhou were analyzed.The height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,systolic blood pressure（SBP）,and diastolic blood pressure（DBP） were measured and analyzed.Results The survey included total 6460 children aged 7 to 12 years,3206 urban children（49.63%）,3254 suburban children（50.37%）,3525 boys（54.57%） and 2935 girls（45.43%）.SBP in boys [（117.86±18.18） mmHg] was significantly higher than that in girls [（113.82±13.11） mmHg（t=3.16;P=0.002）.The incidence of hypertension in children in Zhengzhou was 7.52%.The blood pressure in boys was higher than that in girls（χ^2=9.66,P=0.002）.The blood pressure in urban boys and girls was higher than that in suburban boys and girls respectively（χ^2=24.15,14.39;P=0.000）.The SBP and DBP had positive correlation with age,height,weight,BMI,waist circumference in boys（P〈0.01）.The SBP had positive correlation with age,height,weight,BMI,waist circumference in girls（P〈0.01）.Conclusions The blood pressure is higher in boys than in girls,which also is higher in urban children than in suburban children in Zhengzhou.The SBP is related to the age,height,weight,BMI,waist circumference.