英国国家创新系统推进下的大学角色转变

The Changes of Universities' Roles in UK's National Innovation System

鉴于知识经济时代经济发展的要求,英国政府自上世纪90年代起大力推进国家创新战略。为了进一步发挥大学对创新的作用,英国政府通过一系列科研资助政策来管理大学科研。在这些政策的影响下,英国大学出现了行政化、商业化的倾向,理工、社会科学和人文学科三大门类所受影响也不尽相同,而今后积极寻求与企业之间建立密切的交互关系必为大学发展的基本趋势。

In light of the requirements for economic growth in knowledge economic era, UK＇s government has given great impetus to national innovation strategy. As the core of national innovation system, universities＇ research quality and output transformation are closely related to innovation. For stimulating universities to play their important roles to innovation, UK＇s government has launched a series universities funding policy. Under the influence of these policies, some trends of UK＇s universities have emerged： administrativization and commercialization. Furthermore, the impacts of these policies on Science, social science and humanities are different. It will be a fundamental trend for UK＇s universities seeking to develop close interactive relations with business sector.