2004-2011年滹沱河忻州段水质变化及影响因素

Surface Water Quality of Xinzhou Section of Hutuo River and Related Driving Factors During 2004-2011

[目的]研究2004—2011年滹沱河流域忻州段地表水水质的变化,并对影响水质变化的自然社会经济因素进行探讨。[方法]利用2004—2011年的水质监测数据和有关的自然社会经济统计数据,采用有机污染综合指数方法。[结果](1)滹沱河忻州段近8a的地表水水质变化可分为持续恶化和快速改善两个阶段,2007年是水质变化趋势的转折点,两个阶段有机污染综合指数(T值)分别为5.51和2.85。(2)自然因素方面,河道水量、降水量与水质均呈负相关,相关系数分别为0.675,0.532(p<0.01)。河道水量、降水量对各河段水质改善作用有限。社会因素方面,水质恶化主要与工业废水排放量、施用化肥量、生活污水排放量、污水处理能力有关,相关系数分别为0.689(p<0.01),0.633(p<0.01),0.465(p<0.05)和0.905(p<0.01)。[结论]2009年后虽然生活污水超过了工业废水排放,但污水处理厂的达标运行使河段水质进一步改善,污水处率是今后该地区水质持续改善的前提保障。经济发展与城镇化并未给水质带来压力,而且经济发展已成为改善水质的积极动力。

[Objective] To study the surface water quality changes of Xinzhou section of Hutuo River in past eight years and discuss the natural, social and economic factors that affect the water quality changes. [Methods] The water quality monitoring data and relative natural social and economic statistical data from 2004 to 2011 were used and the organic pollution comprehensive index method was adopt. [Results] （1） The surface water quality changes of Xinzhou section can he divided into consistently deteriorating and rapidly improving periods. The turning point of the water quality change was in 2007. And the organic pollution indexes（T） of the two periods were 5.51 and 2.85. （2） In terms of natural factors, the river water, precipitation were negatively correlated with the water quality, and the correlation coefficient were 0. 675 and 0. 532（p〈0.01）. The effect of river water and precipitation on the river water quality improvement was limited. For the social and economic factors, the water quality deterioration was mainly related to the industrial waste emissions, the amount of chemical fertilizers, the sewage emissions and the sewage treatment capacity. The correlative coefficient were 0. 689 （p〈0. 01）, 0. 633 （p〈0. 01）, 0. 465 （p〈0. 05）, 0. 905 （p〈0. 01）. [Conclusion] Although the sewage surpassed the industrial waste water discharge after 2009, the standard operation of sewage treatment plant further improved the river water quality. The sewage rate was the premise of contin- uous improvement to ensure water quality in the future at the region. The economic development and urbani- zation did not bring pressure to the water quality. And the economic development became the positive power.