基于农户视角的岩溶石漠化小流域农业发展模式研究

A Study on Agriculture Development in a Rocky Desertification Small Watershed in Karst Areas Based on Farmer's Perspective

[目的]为了抑制贵州省岩溶石漠化地区石漠化发展,寻求脆弱生态环境背景下的农业可持续发展模式。[方法]通过野外实地考察及相关理论分析,在对农户石漠化治理行为和农业发展困境分析的基础上,明确了阻碍农业发展的关键因素。[结果]在现有治理模式下,由于农户基于风险和自身利益的考虑导致不能从根本上消除农户破坏环境的驱动因素。[结论]岩溶石漠化小流域农业可持续发展的关键是在提高水土资源匹配程度的基础上,提高农业生产的经济效益,并降低农户在农业生产商品化过程中的市场风险;适宜石漠化小流域发展的典型模式主要有:高效灌溉商品化农业,经果林—养殖—经济作物种植综合农业和牲畜(鱼)—沼气—种植(果园)复合农业等。

[Objective] The objective is to seek a sustainable agricultural development models in karst rocky desertification areas of Guizhou Province under the current background to control the desertification and manage the fragile ecological environment. [Methods] Based on field investigation and theoretical analysis, we analyzed farmers＇ behavior and issues in agricultural development to reveal the key factors that hinder agricultural development. [Results] The market risks and farmers＇ own interest are the main driving factors that hinders sustainable development in the study area. [Conclusion] To increase the economic benefit of agri- cultural products and reduce farmers＇ market risk in the commercialization process can be the key solution to the sustainable agricultural development in karst rocky desertification areas. Typical agricultural develop- ment models such as commercial agriculture with efficient irrigation suitable for rocky desertification areas, economic fruit forest-livestock breeding-cash crops cultivation, and livestock （fish）-methane-planting（fruits） are highly recommended in this area.