质子交换膜的传输通道微观结构对燃料电池性能的影响

Effects of Conducting Channels Microstructure in Proton Exchange Membrane on the Performance of Fuel Cells

质子交换膜燃料电池因其高效、高能量密度、快速启动等独特优势在便携电子设备及汽车动力装置等应用中极具发展潜力。质子交换膜内的传输通道由于对膜质子传导性能有重要影响而受到研究者们的广泛关注。构筑有序结构的质子传输通道,能够获得质子电导率与燃料渗透率、热稳定性、化学稳定性等性能均衡提升的新型质子交换膜材料。本文结合近年来质子传输通道的研究进展,对控制聚合物的相形态从而构筑有序质子传输通道的研究进行了综述,并针对不同相形态所形成的有序通道对膜及燃料电池性能的影响进行了分类与评述,最后对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell has been identified as the most promising power source for portable electronic apparatus and automobile power devices due to its unique advantages, such as high conversion efficiencies, high power density and fast start-ups at room temperature. The proton conducting channels in proton exchange membranes are attracting more and more attention, because they have significant influence on the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes. The construction of well-aligned proton conducting channels in the membrane can not only achieve higher proton conductivity, but also improve the methanol barrier property, thermal stability and chemical stability of proton exchange membranes. The research progress of the proton conducting channels is reviewed in this paper, and the well-aligned proton conducting channels obtained by controlling the morphology of the membranes and their improvements on the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells are also discussed. The present review attempts to summarize the effects of different types of morphologies and the resulting aligned proton conducting channels on the properties of proton exchange membranes as well as the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In the end, the outlook for future development of proton conducting channels in proton exchange membranes is also prospected.