基于个体的审美感知探索景观美学评价方法

Exploring the Method of Landscape Aesthetic Evaluation Based on the Participant's Aesthetic Perception

景观美学评价是环境资源评价的一项重要内容.在城市化不断扩张的背景下,在景观资源的美学评价实践中,基于公众感知的景观美学评价方法的重要性日益突显.在武汉市后官湖地区景观美学评价的案例研究中,引入均匀网格调查法、问卷调查法和知觉评价法,采用六名学生评价人员完成总面积达148km2的景观现场评价.在结构化调查问卷和预定评价程序的帮助下,评价者对研究区的景观美学质量做出了合理可靠的评价.研究结果表明:基于个人感知的主观景观美学评价方法,包含客观理性的成份;个体的主观评价法具有应用于景观评价实践的潜力,可作为专家评价法的校正和补充.

Landscape aesthetic evaluation has become an important part of environmental resource assessment. In contrast to an expert-based approach, perception-based landscape evaluation has been considered subjective and inaccurate, and as such is less used in the practice of landscape assessment. Under the background of continuing and widespread urbanization, however, the public input and subjective approach might play a much more important role in landscape assessment. A perception-based method of aesthetic landscape evaluation was introduced in the case study of the Houguan Lake of Wuhan. Following a predetermined procedure, the results revealed that participants made a reasonable landscape assessment with the help of a structured questionnaire. This study concludes that the seemingly subjective human judgment does contain some objective contents, with regard to landscape aesthetic evaluation, and that subjective human judgment could and should be considered to calibrate and supplement objective evaluation.