一种改进的流域生态补偿标准测算模型

Improved model for calculating ecological compensation standards of watershed

将水源地保护和跨界断面水质水量生态补偿2种方法结合起来,在测算水源地保护的生态补偿时,将直接成本和机会成本列入补偿范围,扣除水源地不放弃发展引起的对下游地区的补偿。结果表明,文中测算的生态补偿标准因为存在上游地区补偿下游地区的情况,低于常见的根据直接成本和机会成本确定的生态补偿标准。补偿模型的尝试性改变减少了补偿数额,降低了上游地区生态保护积极性,但是考虑的内容更为全面,同时也对水质监测和跨界断面水质水量生态补偿标准的建立和完善提出了更高的要求。

Two kinds of ecological compensation methods of water source protection and water quality and quantity of trans-boundary section are combined.When evaluating the ecological compensation of water source protection,the direct cost and opportunity cost are included in the compensation, and the compensation for the downstream is excluded owing to the non-giving up development in the water source area. The results show that because of the upstream area ' s compensation for the downstream area, the calculated ecological compensation standard is lower than the common one determined according to the direct cost and opportunity cost. Change of the attempt of the compensation model reduces the compensation amount and the ecological protection enthusiasm in the upstream area,but the contents to be considered are more comprehensive,and at the same time,higher requirements are proposed for the establishment and improvement of water quality monitoring and ecological compensation standards of trans-boundary section water.