胶质细胞对Aβ诱导的阿尔茨海默病大鼠脑神经损伤的影响

Effect of glial cell on neuron damage induced by Aβ in Alzheimer′s disease rat

目的探讨神经胶质细胞对β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠脑神经损伤的作用。方法将雄性Wistar大鼠20只,分为对照组和模型组,每组10只;模型组双侧海马注射凝胶态Aβ(10μg),对照组注射生理盐水;行水迷宫实验;硫堇染色观察皮层神经元形态变化及数量;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平;免疫组化检测胶质细胞及神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白质(GFAP)表达。结果模型组大鼠水迷宫各项指标均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);皮层神经元数量较对照组明显减少(P<0.01);血清中TNF-α、IL-1β明显高于对照组(P<0.05);海马GFAP阳性细胞数明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 Aβ可激活胶质细胞及促炎因子释放,引起大鼠脑神经元损伤,导致大鼠学习、记忆能力降低。

Objective To explore the effect of glial cells on cerebral neuron damage induced by amyloid beta protein （Aβ） in Alzheimer′s disease rat .Methods 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the model group ,10 cases in each group The gel state Aβ（10μg） was injected into the rat′s bilateral hippocampus in the model group ,while the control group was injected with normal saline ;the Morris water maze test was performed to assess the rat′s learning and memory ability ;the thio‐nine stain was used for observing the morphology and quantity of cerebral cortex neurons ;the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to detect the serum tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF‐α） and interleukin 1 beta（IL‐1β） levels ;the immuno‐histochemical was used to detect the expression of glial cell and glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） .Results The various indexes in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0 .05）;the quantity of cerebral cortex neurons in the model group was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group （P〈0 .01）;the ELISA results showed that the lev‐els of TNF‐αand IL‐1βin the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0 .05）;the immunohisto‐chemistry showed that the number of GFAP positive cells in the hippocampus in the model group was significantly more than that in the control group（P〈0 .05） .Conclusion Aβmight activate the glial cells and promote the release of inflammatory cytokines ,which causes the damage of rat cerebral neurons and leads to decrease the rat′s learning and memory ability .