486名海军特勤官兵成就动机状况及其与主观幸福感的相关研究

Research on achievement motivation and relationship with subjective well-being in 486 naval special service officers and sailors

目的探讨海军特勤官兵成就动机状况及其与幸福感的相关性。方法使用成就动机和总体幸福感量表对来我院疗养的486名海军特勤官兵进行调查研究,探讨海军特勤官兵成就动机状况及其与主观幸福感的相关性。结果海军特勤官兵追求成功动机显著高于避免失败动机,且高成就动机者居多;除了追求成功的动机关于职级的主效应显著,并且职级与婚姻状况的交互效应显著外,其他因子的主效应与交互作用均不显著;海军干部成就动机的2个因子得分均显著高于海军军校大学生(P<0.01);海军战士成就动机的2个因子得分均显著高于武警战士;高追求成就动机/低回避失败动机组特勤官兵的主观幸福感显著高于其他组;海军特勤官兵的主观幸福感与避免失败动机呈显著性负相关。结论应当积极引导官兵培养正确的成就动机,鼓励积极追求成功的同时,加强挫折教育,培养心理韧性,从而提高面对成败时的主观幸福感,最终提高战斗力。

Objective To investigate achievement motivation and its relationship with subjective well-being in 486 naval special service officers and sailors. Methods Achievement Motivation Scale（ AMS） and Subjective Well-being Scale were used to investigate achievement motivation and its relationship with subjective well-being in 486 naval special service officers and sailors,who stayed in our sanatorium for refreshment. Results The motivation of pursuing success was significantly higher than that of avoiding failure among the naval special service personnel,with the motivation of achieving great successes being the majority. With the exception of the motivation of pursuing success concerning rank promotion being significant,the interactive effects of rank promotion and marital status were quite prominent,however,other main and interactive effects with other factors were not significant. The two-factor scores of achievement motivation for the naval officers were obviously higher than those of the naval college cadets. The two-factor scores of achievement motivation for the sailors were significantly higher than those of the military police soldiers. The scores of subjective wellbeing for the motivation of achieving great success / avoiding failure group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. Among the naval special service officers and sailors,the subjective sense of well-being was negatively correlated with the motivation of avoiding failure. Conclusion Efforts should be made to foster their correct achievement motivation,encourage active pursuit of success and at the same time enhance their capacity to withstand frustration,heighten mental toughness,so as to improve subjective well-being in face of failure,and ultimately improve combat effectiveness.