城乡居民基本养老保险制度筹资模式及现实选择

On Financing Mode of Urban and Rural Residents' Basic Pension Insurance System and Its Realistic Choice

筹集到足额的资金,关乎着城乡居民基本养老保险制度的健康运行。筹资模式选择需要考虑经济发展水平、人口结构等因素。我国人口老龄化呈现出加速化、高龄化的特征,同时,由于养老保险基金保值增值难度大,部分积累制度成了城乡居民基本养老保险制度筹资模式的必然选择。为使部分积累的筹资模式有效率地运行,需要加强三个方面的工作:一是建立基础养老金正常调整机制,确保现行退休者的养老金支付;二是设计合理的个人筹资激励机制,保证个人缴费的稳定性;三是建立城乡居民基本养老保险风险准备金制度。

Financing matters much to the basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents. The selection of financing mode should consider the economic development level, and population structure. China＇s aging problem has been accelerating and intensifying. At the same time, due to the difficulty in maintaining and increasing the value of pension fund, partial accumulation system has become the inevitable choice of the basic pension insurance system. To make the partial accumulation system operate effectively, three aspects need to be strengthened： the first is to establish the basic pension adjustment mechanism to ensure the current retirement pension payment; the second is to design reasonable personal financing incentive mechanism to ensure the stability of the individual payment; the third is the establishment of risk reserve system for basic pension insurance of urban and rural residents.