台风眼壁及周围螺旋云带云属性垂直分布研究

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF CLOUD PROPERTIES FOR TYPHOON EYEWALL AND SURROUNDING SPIRAL CLOUD BANDS

选取2006—2010年间CloudSat监测到热带气旋中心的7个案例，利用CloudSat和其它A-Train卫星的反演数据，主要分析了台风眼壁及周围螺旋云带的云微物理属性的垂直分布并给出了初步的概念模型。结果表明，云中冰水分布在5 km以上高度。冰粒子等效半径随云高度增加呈减小趋势，大值区主要分布在5~10 km高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为171.7~226.6 μm；冰粒子数浓度随云高度增加呈增大趋势，大值区分布在13 km以上高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为550~2 148 个/l；冰水含量随云高度增加呈先增后减的趋势，大值区分布在8~15 km高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为986.0~4 009.0 mg/m3。云中液态水分布在0.5~9.0 km高度。液态水粒子等效半径大值区分布在3~9 km高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为19.1~29.4 μm；液态水粒子数浓度大值区分布在6 km以下高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为93~117 个/l；液态水含量大值区分布在5 km左右高度，7个热带气旋的最大值为659.0~2 029.0 mg/m3。台风或超强台风阶段，云体最大高度存在于台风眼壁，眼壁云高可达17~18 km；近地表降水率、冰水柱含量的高峰值大多存在于台风眼壁区域，其中眼壁区域的近地表降水率可超过20.0 mm/h，冰水柱含量可超过9.1 kg/m2。7个热带气旋的垂直降水率和液态水柱含量值分别小于11.3 mm/h和2.7 kg/m2。

Seven tropical cyclones, through the center of which CloudSat CPR passed directly between 2006 and 2010, were selected as case studies, and the data retrieved from CloudSat and other A-Train instruments were used to analyze the vertical distribution of cloud micro-physical properties of the typhoon eyewall and surrounding spiral cloud bands and to establish a preliminary conceptual model. The results are shown as follows. Ice water in tropical cyclones clouds is mainly distributed at heights above 5.0 km, and liquid water 0.5-9.0 kin. Ice effective particle radius （IER） decreases with altitude, big values of which are concentrated in the clouds from 5-10 km, and the biggest values for the seven tropical cyclones are 171.7-226.6μm. Ice number concentration （INC） increases with altitude, high concentrations of which are in the clouds above 13 km, and the biggest values for the cases here are 550-2148 1-1. Ice water content （IWC） increases firstly, then decreases with altitude, big values of which are concentrated in the clouds from 8-15 km, and the biggest values for the cases here are 986.0-4 009.0 mg/m^3. The big values of liquid effective particle radius （LER） are concentrated in the clouds from 3-9 km, with the biggest values for the cases here being 19.1-29.4 μm. The high concentrations of liquid number concentration （LNC） are in the clouds below 6 kin, with the biggest values for the cases here being 93-116.9 1^-1. The big values of liquid water content （LWC） are concentrated in the clouds at about 5 km, with the biggest values for the cases here being 659.0-2 029.0 mg/m^3. The cloud top heights of typhoon eyewall are typically higher than that of surrounding spiral cloud bands, the values of which are 16.8-17.8 km, during a typhoon or super typhoon period. In most of the cases, the mean AMSR-E surface Rain rates and ice water path （IWP） peak values are concentrated in the typhoon eyewall, which are above 20.0 mm/h and 9.1 kg/m^2, respectively. Precipitation rates of the seven tropical cyclones are below 11.3 mm/h, and liquid water path （LWP） below 2.7 kg/m^2.