溺死猪肺及心室血硅藻分布观察

The distribution of diatoms recovered from the lungs and ventricles blood of pigs died of drowning

目的研究溺死猪肺内不同部位和左、右心室血的硅藻含量、长径和种类差异,为硅藻检验送检提供参考依据。方法 32只五指山猪随机分为陆地死亡组(n=2)、死后入水组(n=15)和溺死组(n=15);采用微波消解-扫描电镜法对各肺叶边缘和中部组织及左、右心室血内的硅藻进行定性和定量分析。结果死后入水组肺内硅藻含量小于溺死组各肺叶内硅藻含量(P<0.05);溺死组各肺叶之间硅藻的含量及长径无显著差异,各肺叶均以小环藻、菱形藻、直链藻为主。溺死组左心室血硅藻含量高于右心室血(P<0.05);左、右心室血内硅藻长径差异无统计学意义;溺液中8种硅藻可在左心室血内检出,右心室血内仅检出含量高的4种硅藻。结论肺组织的硅藻检验推荐取材右肺膈叶或左、右尖叶的中部组织;心血推荐取材左心室血,并选用灵敏度高的MD-SEM法可提高硅藻检验阳性率和检出种类。

Objective The numbers, sizes and types distribution of diatoms in the lungs and ventricles blood of drowned pig were investigated, and provide evidence for sampling in the process of diatom test. Methods 32 pigs were randomly divided into control group （n=2）, post-mortem immersion group （n=lS） and drowning group （n=lS）. The diatom in each lung lobe and each side of blood of ventricle were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively with the method of the microwave digestion and scanning electron microscopy （MD - SEM）. Results The numbers of diatom in post-mortem immersion group were fewer than those of drowning group （P〈0.05）. The numbers and sizes of diatoms in different lung lobes of the drowning group were not statistically significant. Cyclotella, Nitzschia, Melosira were the major types in each lobe. The numbers of left blood of ventricle were higher than that of right blood of ventricle （P〈0.05）. The numbers and sizes of different sides of blood of ventricle in the drowning group were not significantly different. 8 types of diatom in drowning pigs could be detected in the left blood of ventricle, but only 4 types could be detected in the right blood of ventricle. Conclusion Right lobus diaphragmaticus and right and left lobus apicalis were recommended areas when diatom test was conducted. Left blood of ventricle was recommended area combining with the MD - SEM method showed high sensitivity, so it could increase the positive rate and types of diatom detected.