创新型国家建设下的科学共同体:学派、学会建设研究——以《科学的学派》一书的科学学派史研究分析为视角

Study on the Construction of the Scientific Community such as the School,the Learned Society in Making China an Innovative Country:from the Perspective of the Study of the History of Schools of Science in“Schools of Science”

在创新型国家建设的背景下,本文以笔者翻译出版的《科学的学派》一书欧洲300年科学学派史分析研究为视角,对科学共同体的重要组织形态——科学学派、科学学会、无形学院、实体科研机构等概念内涵、特点功能、规律及相互关系进行了比较研究;对我国科学社会建制发育不成熟不完整,科学共同体的学派、学会处于弱势地位,学派、学会对科学创新发展的重要价值和机理作用彰显得不充分等问题及其原因进行了缕析阐释;对我国加强科技制度的顶层设计、我国建立科学学派制度、加强科学共同体的学派、学会建设提出了若干对策建议。

In the context of building an innovative country, from the perspective of the study of the 300 years old European schools of science in ＂Schools of Science＂, which is translated by Hu Xiang-ming, this paper made a comparative study on the connotation, features and functions, laws and interrelation of some important organizations of the scientific community, including the schools of science, the learned society, the invisible col- leges, the technological institutes. Then, this paper analyzed some problems and their causes, such as the science organizational system in China is immature and is not complete, the school of science and the learned society is at a disadvantage, the great value, the mechanism and the role of the school of science and learned society on the innovation and development of science is not adequately highlighted. At last, this paper put forward some suggestions, in terms of strength Chinese scientific schools system ening the design of Chinese top-level technology system, the establishment of , strengthening the construction of school of science and learned society