刑事和解中被害人参与权的合理实现

A Proper Guarantee for the Victim's Right to Participation in Criminal Settlement

被害人的当事人地位在刑事诉讼活动中不受重视,其原因是刑事诉讼活动具有国家属性,解决的是国家与犯罪人之间的关系问题。我国的刑事和解目的在于解决当事人纠纷,促进社会和谐,没有有效反映出恢复性司法的设计初衷。为保护被害人权利,应加强被害人在刑事和解中的参与权,这需要刑事和解制度回到恢复性司法的轨道上。但是,不能过度强调被害人意愿,刑事和解的进行应坚持国家主导。对此,应实行被害人当事人地位的有限回归,以刑事实体处分权作为被害人参与刑事和解的合理界限,以法益作为确定被害人刑事实体处分权的标准,进而设定刑事和解合理的适用范围。

The status of a victim's client is unvalued in the criminal litigation,because the criminal litigation not only has its own national attribute,but solves the problem between the State and the criminals.So the purpose of criminal settlement lies in the salvation of a client's legal dispute and promotion of the social harmony. However,it doesn't effectively reflect the original concept of the restorative justice. In order to protect the right of a victim,it is necessary to reinforce the victim's right of participation in criminal settlement. It requests the system of criminal settlement coming back to the right track of restorative justice.Meanwhile,it cannot overemphasize the willing of a victim and the criminal settlement should be followed according to the national dominant. Therefore,the status of a victim's client restored under a certain limitation should be carried out. Substantive criminal disposition right can be the reasonable line of victim's participation in criminal settlement. The legal interest can be the standard of a victim's substantive criminal disposition right. And the scope of reasonable adoption of criminal settlement can be set up.