南非马克思主义主要流派及其思想主张

The Main Schools and the Thoughts of Marxism in South Africa

马克思主义是引领南非人民夺取自由的重要理论武器。在南非,得益于学术研究和政治实践,马克思主义迎来了繁荣,并出现了社会历史学派和历史社会学派两个基本派别。然而,随着后种族隔离时代的政府转型、冷战思维的影响、国家理论的论战和自由主义思潮的侵袭,马克思主义所具有的批判性力量逐渐衰微,使得马克思主义的南非化遭遇到了极大的挑战。在如今问题重重的南非,马克思主义应该更好地发挥作用,因而,厘清南非马克思主义的历史与现状就显得很有必要。这种历史与现状在对南非社会历史状况和诸多研究文献的疏理过程中得以本真的展示,这一展示的过程同时也是对适合南非的新人道主义的一种探寻。

Marxism is an important fundamental theory for South African people to achieve freedom. Profiting from academic research and political practice, Marxism in South Africa boomed and appeared as two academic schools, social history and historical sociology. However, under the combined action of many factors such as state transformation in the post -Apartheid period, Cold War mentality, arguments on state theory and the expansion of liberalism, the critical power of Marxism declined little by little and the localization of Marxism in South Africa met great challenges. Lying on South African social history conditions and lots of literature, this paper tries to display the past and present of South African Marxism honestly and to find a new kind of humanism fitful for South Africa.