二语词汇加工中的形态分解

Morphological decomposition in L2 word processing

为揭示形态结构对二语词汇加工的影响,本研究采用掩蔽启动实验考察了我国学习者对英语派生词的实时加工状况。研究发现,派生词对其词干的识别存在显著的启动效应,且该启动效应不受大脑对其熟悉程度的影响。该结果表明,二语派生词的加工和一语加工一样,也受到形态结构的影响,存在形态分解。该结论支持"目标语特征决定其加工机制"(Diependaele et al.2011:354)的观点。本研究进一步指出,影响复杂词加工机制的主要因素为其构成词素的特征,而非其整词的特征。

In order to explore the role of morphological structure in L2 word processing, this study uses the masked priming paradigm to examine Chinese L2 learners' online processing of English derived words. Significant priming effects, which are independent of the familiarity degree of the derived words and theirroots, are found under the derivational priming condition. This result indicates that, there exists morphological influence in L2 word processing, under which the derived words are decomposed into their constituent morphemes. Therefore, it is concluded that L1 and L2 processing of complex words are determined by the same decompositional mechanism. This finding supports the view that 'the processing dynamics are primarily determined by their own linguistic characteristics'(Diependaele et al. 2011: 354). It further proposes that,the processing mechanism of complex words are more probably determined by the characteristics of the constituent morphemes, rather than those of the complex words.