美国大型城市道路与下凹桥排水标准及其对我国的启示

Criteria of Roadways and Underpasses Drainage for Major Cities in the United States and its Reference Value to China

针对道路与桥梁排水设计的重要性以及下凹式立交桥局部易涝的脆弱性,简要介绍了美国几个典型大城市的道路排水设计标准与关键措施、方法,如道路的下凹地段排水设计与校核标准,下凹地段雨篦子的设置与间距的考虑,下凹地段排水泵站设计中的注意事项,排水泵站出水管的设计以及和周围排水设施的相互关系等。根据我国城市化快速发展,大型城市不断增加,人口与社会经济密度急剧增高等特点,结合美国的具体实践,提出我国大型城市道路与下凹式立交桥段排水设计标准的建议。

Due to the importance of drainage systems for roadways and the flood-vulnerable nature of underpass locations, the design criteria and the key techniques commonly practiced in large urban cities in the United States are reviewed and discussed. The topics include drainage design standards for roadways and underpasses, inlet location and spacing at underpasses, considerations of pump stations, runoff storage capacities, and outlet pipes at underpass locations, as well as the interrelation between outlet pipe and receiving water. As China is experiencing rapid urbanization, large urban cities increasing and expanding, drainage systems for major infrastructures become vital. Based on the characteristics of large cities in China, considering the success of the drainage practices in the U. S. , drainage design criteria of roads and underpasses for large urban cities in China are discussed and proposed.