痕量灌溉水分运移调控与水分分布过程实验研究

Experimental Study of Trace Irrigation Water Transport and Distribution Process

新疆属典型干旱区,水资源严重缺乏,这决定了在新疆任何生产与生活活动都与水资源息息相关。如何在保持经济发展的前提下提高水资源利用效率,同时兼顾生态用水成为当下研究热点。本文以新兴节水灌溉技术痕量灌溉技术为研究对象,通过试验,研究痕量灌溉技术在新疆不同土质与不同工程参数下的水分运移分布规律。同时结合保水剂的使用,研究痕量灌溉技术在与保水剂联合使用条件下的水分运移规律。结果表明:1土壤土质主要影响湿润体的大小及形状,土质由粘土向沙土过渡,湿润体表现出水平长度减少而垂直向下长度增加的趋势,不同土质中的含水率由土壤物理结构与测点距灌水中心距离决定;2埋深因素主要影响湿润体垂直长度,对含水率变化影响不明显;3保水剂不同施用方式对湿润体的影响不同。

Xinjiang is a typical arid region with serious lack of water, which determines water resources are closely related to any production and living activities. How to improve the efficiency of utilization of water resource in the premise of keeping economic development, while taking into account the ecological use of water has become a hot spot in research. A new water-saving irrigation technique called trace irrigation technology was studied in the present study, in which distribution of trace amounts of irrigation water transport in soil under different parameters and different projects in Xinjiang was studied though testing. At the same time, combining with the use of sap, water transport characteristics were studied with the combination of trace amounts of irrigation technology and water retaining agent. The resuits showed that：①soil moist mainly affected the size and shape of the body. When soil transited from clay to sand, moist body showed the trend of horizontal length reduction and the downward vertical length increase, and water content rate in different soils was determined by soil physical structure and the distance between measured point and irrigation center.②Depth factor mainly affected vertical length of moist body, while its effect on the moisture content changes was not significant.③Different application methods of water retention agent showed different influence on wet body.