油田采集系统火用效率计算及其影响因素分析

Calculation and Influence Factors of Exergy Efficiency of Oil Collecting System

针对油田采集系统能源利用率低,用能不合理等问题。运用"灰箱"模型分析方法,建立了油田采集系统火用模型,对国内某油田注采及集输系统进行火用效率和热效率计算。分析了注采子系统操作参数(注蒸汽压力、注蒸汽干度)和集输子系统操作参数(加热炉进风温度)影响其火用效率和热效率的因素及其变化规律。研究表明,注采子系统火用效率和热效率随着注蒸汽干度的增大而减小;随着注蒸汽压力增大而升高。其中,注蒸汽干度每增大10%,注采子系统火用效率约降低1.4%,热效率降低0.4%;注汽压力每提高0.5 MPa,注采子系统的热效率提高0.3%;火用效率基本不变。集输系统火用效率和热效率随着加热炉进风温度的增大而增大,进风温度每增大10 oC,注汽锅炉火用效率约增大0.23%,热效率也约增大0.23%。

According to the problems about the oil collecting system with low energy utilization rate and unreasonable energy use, the ＂grey box＂ analysis method was used to establish the exergy analysis model of the oil collecting system, exergy efficiency and thermal efficiency of steam injection production and gathering system of a domestic oilfield were calculated. The operation parameters of the injection production system （steam injection pressure, steam quality） were analyzed as well as the operation parameters of gathering system （inlet air temperature of heating furnace）, the influence factors and change rules of exergy efficiency and thermal efficiency. The research results show that, along with the steam quality decreasing and steam injection pressure increasing, the exergy and thermal efficiency increase. Among them, when steam quality increases by 10%, the exergy efficiency of the collecting system reduces about by 1.4%,the thermal efficiency reduces about by 0.4%;when the steam injection pressure increases by 0.5 MPa, the thermal efficiency increases about by 0.3%, the exergy efficiency is the basic same. With the inlet air temperature increasing, the exergy and thermal efficiency of the gathering system increase. When the inlet air temperature increases by 10~C,the exergy efficiency and thermal efficiency of the gathering system increase about by 0.23%.