摘要
表面活性剂作为一种分散剂,广泛应用于新型换热工质——纳米流体中。研究纳米流体的各种特性对于其在实际的能量传递系统中的应用有重要意义。重点总结和比较了水基纳米流体中表面活性剂对体系的稳定性、热导率和黏度影响的实验研究,阐述了纳米流体中表面活性剂的作用机理,对目前的研究中存在的问题进行了分析。最后,提出了有助于完善表面活性剂对水基纳米流体特性影响的4点建议:混合表面活性剂的组合及其配比对纳米流体的稳定性、热导率和黏度的影响;使用分子动力模拟等方法来研究表面活性剂对纳米流体特性的影响;表面活性剂影响下的纳米流体的稳定性和热导率及黏度之间的关系;纳米流体中众多不确定因素的量化分析。
Surfactants have been widely used in nanofluids——the new heat transfer working fluid as a dispersant. It’s very important to study the characteristics of nanofluids in actual energy transfer system. Experimental study on the effect of surfactants on stability,thermal conductivity and viscosity of H2O-based nanofluids was specially summarized and compared,mechanism of surfactants in nanofluids and problems existing in current studies were stated and analyzed. Finally,four suggestions helping to improve effects of surfactants on the characteristics of H2O-based nanofluids were put forward,including the impact of mixed surfactant composition and proportion on stability, thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids; methods,such as molecular dynamics simulations, to study effects of surfactants on the nanofluid properties; relationship between stability and thermal conductivity and viscosity in nanofluids with surfactants; and quantitative analysis of many uncertainties in nanofluids.
出处
《化工进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期903-910,920,共9页
Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(50706028)
关键词
表面活性剂
纳米流体
稳定性
热导率
黏度
surfactants
nanofluids
stability
thermal conductivity
viscosity
