临安市山地气候旅游资源时空分布特征

Spatial-temporal distribution of mountain-climate tourism resources in Lin'an, China

根据15个气象站点所观测的2012年气候资料,采用温湿指数、风效指数、气温垂直递减率和拉普拉斯压高方程等分析了浙江省临安市山地气候旅游资源时空分布特征。结果表明：时间上,按照12个月的气候特征差异,将气候旅游资源划分为3种类型即山地休疗型（4-6月和9-10月）、避暑消夏型（7-8月）和冰雪运动型（11-3月）;空间上,3类气候旅游资源主要分布在北部窑头山、天目山,西北部清凉峰和西南部大明山、青山殿等区域。最后,通过地理信息系统（GIS）空间叠加分类综合评价了临安市山地气候旅游资源状况：海拔621 m以下不适宜3类山地旅游活动开展,海拔621~800 m适合冬季冰雪（人工）旅游活动开展;海拔800~975 m适合春秋季山地休疗活动且南坡向也可进行冬季冰雪（人工）旅游活动,海拔975 m及以上即能满足多种气候旅游活动。

Climatic data representing Lin＇an City in Zhejiang Province was collected in 2012 from 15 meteorological stations. Data was analyzed and evaluated for spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of mountain-climate tourism resources using temperature humidity index （THI）, wind effect index （K）, lapse-rate of air temperature, and a high pressure equation. Then using a spatial overlay classification from GIS, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of mountain-climate resources were determined. Results showed that 1 ） for a mountain climate the most comfortable time for tourist rest and recreation was from April to June and September to October at an altitude of 800-1 600 m. Meanwhile, July and August were relatively hot, so tourists could escape the heat at altitudes of 975-1 787 m for south facing slopes and 1 196-1 787 m for north facing slopes. November to March was the cold-winter-months period and was more suitable for skiing at altitudes of 621-1 787 m for north-facing slopes and 754-1 787 m for south-facing slopes. 2） Considering spatial distribution, tourism resources for the mountain-climate in Lin＇an were mainly distributed over the middle and lower mountain areas, such as Yaotou, Tianmu, and Daming Mountains. 3）The spatial overlay classification from GIS showed no obvious mountain-climate characteristics in Lin＇an below 621 meters. In a word, it will be convenient for us to emphasize the elevation factor and take advantage of its superior characteristics in the development process of mountain-climate resources. [Ch, 6 fig. 4 tab. 33 ref. ]