地层注浆加固对隧道与地下水相互作用过程中的“双赢”影响效应分析

Win-Win Effect of Ground Consolidation Grouting on the Interaction Between Tunnel and Groundwater

目前山岭隧道大多采用的"半包"防水方式,可较为有效地降低衬砌背后水压荷载作用,但同时造成地下水资源的大量流失。文章通过建立隧道瞬态渗流模型,分析了"半包"防水条件下隧道施工及运营过程中隧道排水流量及水位变化规律,以及运营过程中衬砌背后水压力分布规律;研究了帷幕注浆和径向注浆两种方式不同工况下不同注浆范围及参数对排水流量、水位变化及衬砌水压荷载的影响效应。数值分析结果和工程实践表明,地层注浆加固既可降低衬砌背后水压荷载,又可减少地下水资源流失量,从而可以实现隧道与地下水相互作用过程中的"双赢"影响效应。文章最后对"半包"防水条件下仰拱是否设置排水系统进行了分析探讨。

Semi-enclosed waterproofing is adopted for mountain tunnels in most cases; this effectively decreases water pressure against the lining, but also results in a loss of groundwater resources. Based on a tunnel transient seepage model and under the condition of semi-enclosed waterproofing, the water drainage volume and water level variation during tunnel construction and operation are researched and the distribution law of water pressure against a lining in operation is established. Furthermore, the influence of the range and parameters of curtain/ radial grouting on the water drainage volume, water level and water pressure are examined, showing that ground consolidation grouting can reduce both the water pressure against the lining and the loss of groundwater resources, achieving a win-win effect on the interaction between the tunnel and the groundwater. Finally, whether a drainage system for an invert is set or not is also discussed.