中文报纸“叙事性”新闻标题的语用研究：调查与分析

An Empirical Pragmatic Study of the “Narrative” Chinese Newspaper Headlines

新闻标题历来被比成新闻报道的"眼睛",往往都采用短小精炼的表述方式呈现。然而,笔者注意到近年来地方报纸的某些版面经常使用较长篇幅,详细具体叙述新闻事件。针对这一新现象,本研究从历时与共时角度开展比较,通过定性分析与定量统计发现"叙事性"新闻标题的使用在不同出版时代、不同新闻类别、不同类型报纸方面存在明显差异。基于语言顺应论的分析表明,该类标题具有多种语用功能,相关访谈结果可以支持该理论指导下的分析。

Newspaper headlines,which are often compared to the“eyes”of news reports,are generally terse and brief. However,it is noted that in recent years some reports in local newspapers sometimes choose to employ lengthy and detailed statements. As a response to this new noteworthy phenomenon,this paper conducts synchronic and diachronic comparisons in qualitative and quantitative terms. It is found that the use of “narrative”headlines varies in terms of publishing time（ across ten years）,newspaper types（ between national and local newspapers）,and report content（ concerning peoples＇ livelihood and current politics）. The discussion in light of Adaptation Theory reveals that the use of “narrative”headlines can realize some important pragmatic functions,which is supported by the results of an interview.